In graduate school at the University of Tennessee, he created some effects similar to autism in a group of mice by using a genetic mutation that caused a part of the brain called the cerebellum to not fully develop. Abnormal development of the cerebellum has been consistently found in the brains of children with autism.
After receiving his Ph.D. in neuroscience in 2003, Martin chose to join the MIND Institute at UC Davis for a postdoctoral fellowship. The MIND Institute is dedicated to studying autism and development disorders, which gave Martin a chance to study a monkey model for one possible cause of autism.
The study began at the end of 2003 and involved 13 rhesus monkeys. Martin said rhesus monkeys, which are the most commonly used monkey in research, are a good model to use because their DNA is more than 90 percent identical to humans.